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〕 | elevation_imperial = 1096 | elevation_round = 1 | elevation_note = 〔 | area_unit = acre | area_imperial = 1130 | area_round = 0 | area1_imperial = | area1_type = | length_imperial = | length_orientation = | width_imperial = | width_orientation = | highest = | highest location = | highest_lat_d = | highest_lat_m = | highest_lat_s = | highest_lat_NS = | highest_long_d = | highest_long_m = | highest_long_s = | highest_long_EW = | highest_elevation_imperial = | lowest = | lowest_location = | lowest_lat_d = | lowest_lat_m = | lowest_lat_s = | lowest_lat_NS = | lowest_long_d = | lowest_long_m = | lowest_long_s = | lowest_long_EW = | lowest_elevation_imperial = | biome = | biome_share = | biome1 = | biome1_share = | geology = | geology1 = | plant = | plant1 = | animal = | animal1 = | established_type = | established = 1903 | management_body = Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources | management_location = | management_lat_d = | management_lat_m = | management_lat_s = | management_lat_NS = | management_long_d = | management_long_m = | management_long_s = | management_long_EW = | management_elevation = | visitation = | visitation_year = | free_type = | free = | free1_type = | free1 = | map = Pennsylvania Locator Map.PNG | map_caption = Location of Caledonia State Park in Pennsylvania | map_locator = Pennsylvania | map_first = | website = (Caledonia State Park ) }} Caledonia State Park is a Pennsylvania state park in Greene Township, Franklin County and Franklin Township, Adams County in Pennsylvania in the United States. The park is named for an iron furnace, Caledonia Furnace, that was owned by Thaddeus Stevens beginning in 1837. Today the park is known for its Totem Pole Playhouse, a summer stock theatre. Caledonia State Park is between Chambersburg and Gettysburg at the intersection of U.S. Route 30 and Pennsylvania Route 233 in a valley between Blue Mountain and South Mountain. ==History== Caledonia State Park was once the site of an iron furnace owned by Thaddeus Stevens, a native of Caledonia County, Vermont. Stevens began operation on the furnace in 1837. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, a noted abolitionist, and is known as the father of the public school system in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The iron furnace was destroyed during the American Civil War in June 1863 by the Confederate cavalry under the command of General Jubal Early. Some historians believe that the furnace was destroyed not just to slow the industrial power of the Union but also because of Stevens' views opposing slavery. The pastures surrounding the furnace were used as field hospitals during the Battle of Gettysburg later in July 1863. The furnace was rebuilt following the war, but was closed by 1902 when the land was sold to the state. Caledonia State Park was opened in 1903.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Caledonia State Park )〕 The land was leased to the Chambersburg and Gettysburg Trolley Company for a number of years. It became a popular tourist destination for visitors to the Gettysburg Battlefield. The trolley company built various amusement rides at the park that have long since been removed. A nine hole golf course was opened in 1922 (it has since been expanded to 18 holes). The Pennsylvania Alpine Club paid for the reconstruction of the stack of the old furnace and built a monument. A blacksmith shop, the stack, and numerous charcoal hearths and charcoal roads are visible reminders of the iron-making days. Many of the roads and facilities used today at Caledonia State Park were built during the Great Depression by the young men of the Civilian Conservation Corps.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Caledonia State Park」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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